The DPAPI Master Key is derived from a combination of the user's NTLM password and their SID (unique identifier for the user). The asymmetric key pair is stored on-disk in an encrypted form, using a key known as the DPAPI Master Key.
This key is then encrypted using a user-specific asymmetric key pair, and this encrypted key is stored in the file's metadata. First, a random File Encryption Key (FEK) is generated and used to encrypt the file with 3DES or DESX. In a single-user environment outside of a domain, by default, files are encrypted in a 3-stage process. >=3.0) on a modern operating system like Windows 8.1 or 10. For the purposes of this question, I'm going to presume a modern version of NTFS (i.e. It depends on how EFS is set up, and what version of NTFS you're using.
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